Thursday, August 27, 2020

E-Business Harrys.com

Question: Examine about the Report for E-Business of Harrys.com. Answer: Organization Overview Since the medieval eminence to the warriors of World War II, men shaved their faces utilizing a solitary sharp edge. Wellbeing razors are related with giving the smoothest shave; regardless, business partnerships keep on selling razors with more than one cutting edge. There are different prestigious organizations that exchange wellbeing razors and multi-cutting edges, including dollar shave, Gillette, and Harrys. Harrys.com is a business to buyer (B2C) business site that studies exchanging customized great edges, cream for shaving, just as moderate sharp edges for substitution. Harrys online business website was established by Jeff Raider and Andy Katz in April 2013; be that as it may, Harrys propelled its first physical block and engine shaving shop in October of that year in New York City, USA (Polo et al., 2015). With the compelling impulse to develop its business, the organization bought a Germany razor fabricating production line worth $100 million (Delrey, 2014). Harrys.com is an online beginning up that is created on the standards of offering customers basic, unrivaled, and moderate shaving arrangements. The organization sells its items online through online memberships. Harrys is a completely settled brand now that is constantly winning clients from over the US. The key contenders of the organization are Gillette, Schick, Bic, and Dollar Shave Club. Harrys.com controls around 5% of the piece of the pie (Bartels, 2000). Simplicity of utilizing Harrys.com business site As previously mentioned, Harrys.com is a business to customer retailing site that studies men shaving items. The business site is easy to utilize; clients are just required to buy in to the companys contributions, and the shaving supplies are legitimately sent to the clients post box at low cost and at determined recurrence (Spence, 2014). In spite of its freshness in the commercial center, the plan of action of the organization has empowered Harrys.com to arrive at in excess of 2,000,000 clients in a little more than two years in business. New clients keep on buying in to Harrys.com while the organization keeps up roughly 60% degree of consistency of every single bought in client. To accomplish greatest incomes, the organization makes every one of its items and claims all the circulation implies. E-business application utilized Business applications are characterized as PC based data frameworks basic for offering mechanized help to the companys tasks. E-business application then again, is a data and correspondence innovation application that bolsters all business exercises of a given web business (IOANNIS, 2015). For example, trade includes exchanging merchandise and administration among organizations, people and gatherings is viewed as a vital piece of any exchanging association. Web trade is particularly fixated on ICT to make outside business exercises and relations of the organization with gatherings, different organizations, and people. Electronic-business application is a wide element that manages the entire business framework which includes organizations that utilization web medium to execute its business administrations or help its specific or generally speaking business tasks. E-business application likewise covers web based business and e-promoting (Feloni, 2015). Online business mostly portrays t he value-based setting of the business. E-showcasing includes giving an electronic medium through which an organization can achieve its advertising targets. Harrys utilize their site to draw in new expected clients through e-promoting and e-showcasing and improving the effectiveness of their administrations through e-backing and e-administration capacities, and extending its scope and degree through the web by transferring their administrations and items on the web. The organization utilizes a web business application to expand deals, decrease promoting costs, increment client availability just as convey legitimately to customers. Harrys.com utilize online memberships (Business to Consumer (B2C)); after a client buys in to the organization website, the items are then sent legitimately to the clients letter box (Barclay, 2014). Web based business promoting procedures For Harrys, web showcasing methodologies are a crucial piece of the companys marketable strategy. Given the inclination to be on a main spot as a supplier of shopper shaving items, Harrys have made their retail site simple to access so as to arrive at a more extensive client base. Besides, the 21st century is comprised of up to 63% populace that has information and can effectively make computerized buys and in this manner Harrys, an online organization has guided its showcasing endeavors to the web to pull in just as look after clients (University Alliance, 2016). E-advertising methodologies include: Versatile promoting Web based life Email Content, and Video showcasing (University Alliance, 2016) Harrys e-showcasing includes all the above internet promoting procedures. The development of cell phone use has enabled an enormous populace to get to the web through their cell phones. The organization has in this manner improved its site making it portable amicable to permit the more extensive populace to get to organization cont and items utilizing the cell phones (University Alliance, 2016). In like manner, web based life is another gigantic showcasing stage that Harrys use to advance its items just as pull in new clients. In a similar expansiveness, the organization urges its clients to utilize their informal communities to allude new clients to the organization. Also, email showcasing is at the center of the companys promoting exercises; it is through email memberships that Harrys figures out how to discuss every now and again with their clients along with mailing items to their clients (University Alliance, 2016). Content showcasing is another key web based advertising procedu re that Harrys use to showcase and advance its items. Web exposure about the companys administrations has done enchantment to building trust, believability, authority and making inbound connections with its crowd (University Alliance, 2016). Online business Supply Chain Strategy As per Kepes (2014), the greatest test for internet business organizations is stock administration; having enough inventories to maintain the business without bombing your clients is consistently the way to progress. E-retailers are flourishing at exponential rates when contrasted with customary retailing models because of their flexibly chain the board procedures. From previously mentioned, Harrys utilize a direct to customer plan of action, in such manner; the organization makes every one of its items and sells them direct to definite purchasers (Trusson et al., 2014). The organization doesn't manage middle people or use outsourcing or discount providers. Subsequent to buying about extremely old shaving sharp edge producing organization in Germany, Harrys fabricates its own preeminent quality edges and top of the line handles which are then delivered legitimately to the client on hand. Online business security procedures Online organizations are inclined to huge online security challenges. In light of this, online organizations work to give security at all degrees of the association to keep their business from hurt. As per this, online business us a 5 point site security procedure to keep out gatecrashers: Reinforcement Redundancy: putting away organization data in another safe area whereby when something happens to your data in the essential stockpiling, a similar data can be recovered from the reinforcement stockpiling. Harrys use cloud based reinforcement stockpiling to make sure about its basic data from malignant online on-screen characters (Johns, 2016). PCI Compliance: security standard committee that guarantees best practices for installment account security. Harrys is completely agreeable to PCI by following the tokenization strategy. Encryption: online organizations must encode their information so as to guarantee that lone approved people can get to. Harrys use information encryption convention to guarantee its site is secure. DDoS insurance: Harrys has secured its internet business against Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) assaults utilizing various apparatuses, including 800lb free instrument and CloudFlare (Johns, 2016). Firewalls: firewalls are utilized for permitting or forbidding traffic dependent on what the organization has approved. Harrys use firewalls to square unapproved traffic just as malignant web traffic from getting to the companys arrange framework (Johns, 2016). IT design IT framework is a lot of consolidated equipment, programming, systems, and offices so as to create, test, convey, screen, control or bolster IT administrations. IT foundation is required for the presence, activity just as the board of an e-business. For example, it permits associations convey IT arrangements and administrations clients, workers just as accomplices. Harrys utilize open WANs and open cloud to ship instruments alongside programming as an assistance. The IT foundation gives an appropriate stage important to IT applications and capacities for Harrys. End and Recommendations E-business (electronic business) gives a stage to leading organizations forms through its business site. Web business strategies is made out of exchanging items, administrations, and supplies; handling installments, client adjusting, creation control overseeing, cooperate with colleagues, and data sharing. This report utilizing harrys.com has comprehensively talked about various parts of e-business including organization activities, the simplicity of utilizing the companys site, the e-business application utilized by the organization and e-advertising procedures. Subsequently, the report additionally has assessed internet business gracefully chain systems, web based business security methodologies and IT engineering. Coming up next are the suggestions for Harrys Company: Coordinate web based showcasing techniques with online life advertising procedures all together enlarge its client base while expanding its productivity. Adventure into new product offerings like bouti

Saturday, August 22, 2020

About David Adjaye, African-Born World Architect

About David Adjaye, African-Born World Architect With an outside siding of tanned aluminum boards and a section lobby with more wood than the hold of a slave transport, the National Museum of African American History and Culture in Washington, DC may become David Adjayes most unmistakable work. The Tanzania-brought into the world British engineer makes transformative plans, from this national exhibition hall for the US to an old rail station that is presently the Nobel Peace Center in Oslo, Norway. Foundation: Born:â September 22, 1966, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Africa Instruction and Professional Training: 1988-1990: Chassay Last, London, United Kingdome1990: Bachelor of Architecture with distinction, London South Bank University1990-1991: David Chipperfield (UK) and Eduardo Souto de Moura (Portugal)1993: Masters in Architecture, Royal College of Art1994-2000: Partnership with William Russell as Adjaye Russell1999-2010: Visited each nation in Africa to archive African architecture2000 - present: Adjaye Associates, Principal (Facebook) Critical Works: 2002: Dirty House, London, UK2005: Idea Store, Whitechapel, London, UK2005: Nobel Peace Center, Oslo, Norway2007: Rivington Place, London, UK2007: Bernie Grant Arts Center, London, UK2007: Museum of Contemporary Art, Denver, CO2008: Stephen Lawrence Center, London, UK2010: Skolkovo Moscow School of Management, Moscow, Russia2012: Francis Gregory Library, Washington, D.C.2014: Sugar Hill (moderate lodging), 898 St. Nicholas Avenue, Harlem, NYC2015: Aã ¯shti Foundation, Beirut, Lebanon2016: Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC), Washington, D.C. Furniture and Product Designs: David Adjaye has an assortment of side seats, foot stools, and material examples offered by Knoll Home Designs.â He likewise has a line of round seats on hardened steel cylindrical casings called Double Zero for Moroso. About David Adjaye: Since Davids father was an administration ambassador, the Adjaye family moved from Africa to the Middle East lastly settled in England when David was a youthful adolescent. As an alumni understudy in London, the youthful Adjaye went from customary Western design safe houses, similar to Italy and Greece, to investing energy in Japan finding out about present day Eastern engineering. His reality experience, including coming back to Africa as a grown-up, educates his plans not known for a specific style, yet for a mindful portrayal installed into singular ventures. Another experience that has influenced crafted by David Adjaye is the crippling ailment of his sibling, Emmanuel. At a youthful age, the future draftsman was presented to the useless structures of open establishments utilized by his family as they thought about a recently incapacitated kid. He has said commonly that utilitarian plan is considerably more significant than excellence. In December 2015, Adjaye Associates was approached to present a proposition for the Obama Presidential Center, to be worked in Chicago. Related People of Influence: Eduardo Souto de MouraChris OfiliRichard Rogers Noteworthy Awards: 1993: Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) Bronze Medal2007: Order of the British Empire (OBE) for administrations to architecture2014: W.E.B. Du Bois Medal Citations - In the Words of David Adjaye: Things frequently come at the time they’re intended to come, regardless of whether they appear to be late.- 2013, The New Yorker Maintainability isn't simply material use or vitality use...it is lifestyle.†-Approach Related Books: David Adjaye: Form, Heft, Material, Art Institute of Chicago, 2015David Adjaye: Authoring: Re-putting Art and Architecture, Lars Muller, 2012David Adjaye: A House for an Art Collector, Rizzoli, 2011African Metropolitan Architecture, Rizzoli, 2011Adjaye, Africa, Architecture, Thames Hudson, 2011David Adjaye Houses: Recycling, Reconfiguring, Rebuilding, Thames and Hudson, 2006David Adjaye: Making Public Buildings, Thames and Hudson, 2006 Sources: David Adjaye site; A Sense of Place by Calvin Tomkins, The New Yorker, September 23, 2013; David Adjaye, Dezeen Book of Interviews, Dezeen, September 29, 2014; Approach at adjaye.com; David Adjaye, Architect by Amy McKenna, Encyclopedia Britannica Online [accessed January 9, 2016]

Friday, August 21, 2020

How to Buy Research Papers Online

How to Buy Research Papers OnlineIn order to get your own name out there as a great researcher, the first thing you should do is find out how to buy research papers online. Research papers are the key to being able to dominate your area of study.When you first sit down to do your studies, all of the information is fresh in your mind. If you have to do your research again a few weeks later, you're already lost on some of the details. You can make a huge difference by taking the time to follow the tips that are listed here, and this will also improve your knowledge about your field.The first thing you should do when looking for research papers is to get an idea of what's available on the subject you are interested in. This can be done by searching online. However, if you're not sure where to begin, you can take the help of an online textbook. These can be very helpful because they will give you all of the information that you need to be able to do your research, plus they have the word on which vendors sell the research papers.Another thing you can do is look for the information you need from the library that is available online. Since you don't have to go anywhere to get the knowledge you need, it's easy to come across some of the information you need. However, once you have all of the research papers that you want, you'll need to compare the prices of these types of books.Another way to make sure that you're getting the best deal on research papers is to find a vendor that has been in business for a while. Keep in mind that research papers can be expensive. But with a little effort, you can make sure that you're getting the best price possible.Since you are the one who will be using the research papers, make sure that you do your research. The best way to do this is to ask around for recommendations. The more people you know that have used the vendor that sells research papers, the better chance you have of getting the right deal.Finally, you need to make sure that you have a good amount of money set aside for your purchases. The last thing you want to do is end up spending your money on something that you don't need or isn't worth the cost. So you want to be sure that you are prepared financially before you even go out to purchase research papers.You should now be able to find a vendor that can help you buy research papers online. In addition, you should also be able to tell if you're getting the best deal by making sure that you do your research before you buy anything.

Monday, May 25, 2020

Practice Biology Ia Diffusion - 2410 Words

Practice Internal Assessment Report Christine Zhu St Pauls Grammar School 00296648 Biology HL Trial 1 amp; 2: 8/4/13 Trial 3 amp; 4: 10/4/13 Photo credits: Smarties by Andrew Dean, copyright Rebecca Douglas, retrieved 9/4/13 http://rebeccadouglas.photoshelter.com/image/I0000WDNZi_s2W4A Smarties Diffusion Experiment RESEARCH QUESTION How does changing the colour of smarties affect the extent of its passive diffusion? INTRODUCTION Passive diffusion, also known as simple diffusion, is used to describe the exergonic reaction of a substance where the substance passes in the direction of the concentration gradient. Most of the molecules move from the area of high concentration, inside the membrane of a cell, to the outside where there is†¦show more content†¦Place one of each coloured smartie halfway (8cm from the centre) across each of the four lines 4. Repeat steps 1-3 for the second piece of filter paper 5. Number the first piece of paper with the number 1 and second piece of paper with the number 2 6. Squirt water once from bottle onto each of the smarties on both pieces of filter paper 7. Wait for approximately 5-10 minutes before measuring the extent of colour (diffusion) that has spread from the smartie 8. Tabulate results 9. Use Excel to calculate averages for data analysing. Also, use Excel to calculate the standard deviation to show variances in data 10. Graph results into a column graph using Excel Trials 3 amp; 4 1. Fold the filter paper into quarters lightly, just enough to obtain clean folds 2. Pick out two of each of the following smarties: red, blue, purple and orange 3. Place one of each coloured smartie halfway (8cm from the centre) across each of the four folds 4. Fill the pipette to halfway and squirt once for each smartie, one piece of filter paper should not need any refills 5. Repeat steps 1-4 for the second piece of filter paper 6. Number the first piece of paper with the number 3 and second piece of paper with the number 4 7. Wait for approximately 5-10 minutes before measuring the extent of colour (diffusion) that has spread from the smartie 8. Tabulate results 9.Show MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesresearched and readers are encouraged to view chapters as a starting point for getting to grips with the field of organization theory. Dr Martin Brigham, Lancaster University, UK McAuley et al. provide a highly readable account of ideas, perspectives and practices of organization. By thoroughly explaining, analyzing and exploring organization theory the book increases the understanding of a field that in recent years has become ever more fragmented. Organization theory is central to managing, organizing andRead MorePorters Five Forces in Beer Market75399 Words   |  302 Pagesfirmly convinced that there is huge potential to rescope the cost base in Eastern Europe by realising synergies resulting from the Scottish Newcastle transaction. In particular, procurement synergies will be significant, but implementation of best practice from the Northern Western European Excellence programmes will add value too. Thank you On behalf of Carlsberg, I would like to thank all of our employees for their extraordinary efforts over the past year. I would also like to thank our customersRead MorePublic Fe Reference Handbook.Pdf46179 Words   |  185 PagesIURP ZULWLQJ LQ WKH Reference Handbook GXULQJ WKH H[DP DGPLQLVWUDWLRQ Th ere are no sample questions or solutions included in the Reference Handbook ²H[DPLQHHV FDQ VHOIWHVW XVLQJ RQH of the NCEES FE Sample Questions and Solutions books or online practice exams, all of which may be purchased by FDOOLQJ   RU YLVLWLQJ RXU :HE VLWH DW ZZZQFHHVRUJ 7KH PDWHULDO LQFOXGHG LQ WKH FE Supplied-Reference Handbook LV QRW DOOHQFRPSDVVLQJ RU H[KDXVWLYH 1((6 LQ QR HYHQW VKDOO EH OLDEOH IRU QRWRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCommunication 335 Leadership 367 Power and Politics 411 Conflict and Negotiation 445 Foundations of Organization Structure 479 v vi BRIEF CONTENTS 4 The Organization System 16 Organizational Culture 511 17 Human Resource Policies and Practices 543 18 Organizational Change and Stress Management 577 Appendix A Research in Organizational Behavior Comprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 616 623 Contents Preface xxii 1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

How Does The News We See On Social Media Differ From What...

How does the news we see on social media differ from what we’re being presented with on broadcast? Which is likely to have more of an influence on citizens? Throughout this essay I have selected to focus on the difference of news we see on social media websites such as Facebook and Twitter to what we’re being presented with on traditional media platforms such as television and radio and which of the two is more likely to have an influence on us as citizens who are consuming the news. I will discuss the role of both platforms mentioned earlier and how they have had an influence on the public thus far and how they differ on the deliverance of news and which is more credible. I will also talk about which has the most influence over citizens†¦show more content†¦This is all without looking into a news corporations agenda, political stance and reliability. It’s difficult to say whether citizens are more likely to be influenced more by the news they receive on either social media or on television. A lot of the younger generations are likely to say social media is more influential, whilst many of the older generations who aren’t as, or at all active on social media would claim broadcast is their most trusted source of information. In his book News and Journalism in the UK: Fifth Edition, McNair shows that a report commissioned by Channel 4 in 2008 noted that â€Å"TV remains the most popular source of news across the British public as a whole. By then, 54 percent of the 25-34 age group were using online journalism regularly, and the trend was clear – further fragmentation of the journalism market, further migration of audiences from print and broadcast to online, with young media user moving furthest and fastest.† (McNair, 2009, P.142). In earlier editions of his book, another survey was conducted and people s till listed television as their most trusted source. This correlates with my point earlier, while television may well be the more trusted source, younger citizens reading the news are likely to be influenced more by what they’re reading online and on social media

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Supply And Demand of Nike company Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Supply And Demand of Nike company. Answer: Introduction In this paper, we are looking forward to open the online showroom for the Nike shoe industry to increase prosperity and the profit of the company. The success of the Nike online showroom depends on the analysis of the marketing strategies, promotional activities, analysis of the competitors, and analysis of the target audience. Creativity and additional functional module in the web portal helps in attracting larger amount of customers towards the company. Analysis of the company The Nike company is becoming one of the top brand in the sale of sports footwear and other accessories. The aim of the company is to provide best services to their customers. In the modern world of internet, the company decided to open the online showroom for their customers so that they can get home based shopping experience. Issues The innovation in the trends and technology due to the increasing growth of internet has restricted the growth of the company (Zlatanova, 2012). The customers are attracted towards the online shopping centre. The owner of the company wants to change their marketing strategy plan. Analysis of the competitors Adidas is the main competitor of the Nike company. The Adidas has increased their profit with the development of web portal for their business. The marketing momentum of the Adidas company got a failure due to the delivery of poor quality shoes to the customers at their door step. The other major competitor of Nike is Reebok. The development of web portal has completely transformed the working criteria of the company during the early stage but later on the customer get distracted due to the delay in the delivery of the product. Competitive analysis Adidas Reebok Strategy Increased distribution and sale through the development of online stores Reebok has increased their operating cost to provide good quality shows to the customers Target audience Men, women, and children Men and Women Brand Recognition of the brand is improved Recognition of the brand is decreased due to improper management of online showroom New design Provide similar design Working on providing new design of shows with extra features Target market The target audience of the company are the people who belong to the age between 18 to 40 years of age. Achieving fitness and the body shape is the major aim of the people (The Internet marketing academy, 2014). The daily physical activity program of the people requires a comfortable pair of shoes which are breathable. The addition of extra features in the development of the shoes according to the requirement of the consumers helps in attracting new customers towards the business (Millanyani, 2012). The study of target audience helps in increasing the profit and the revenue generated by the company. Project objective The objective of the company is to gain financial profit by expanding the marketing area of the company with the development of web application. The company is looking forward to enter the foot step in the online global market. The company is focusing towards to increase the revenue up to 50% of the companys profit. The major aim is to develop new online market for the business. Project strategy The Owner of the Nike organization is looking forward to develop the project strategy by the analysis of core competitors such as Reebok and Adidas. The analysis of the competitors marketing plan helps in delivering high quality product to the door step of the customers on demand without making any delay in the delivery time of the product (Flynn, 2015). The study of target audience helps in knowing the actual requirement of the customers. The recognition of the customer needs help in developing the product according to their requirement. The requirement of the customers should be clearly analysed for the designing and addition of the new features to the product to make it unique from the product of the competitors. This study is advantageous in maintaining the supply and demand of the product in the competitive market (Soles, 2013). The SWOT analysis of the company is helpful in knowing restriction and constraints in the success of the companys reputation. Strength Weaknesses Opportunity Threats Clear understanding of the target audience requirement Online and offline promotional activities Lack of awareness in the customers about the online portal of the Nike showroom Clear understanding of the customers requirement help in adding new features to the existing product Addition of new marketing trends in the web portal of the marketing competito Implementation plan The implementation of the web portal for Nike organization should be indulged with the promotional program to make customers aware about the entrance of the industry into the world of online global market (Efrimidi, 2015). The social media platform is the best suitable for undergoing promotional activities for the company because the social media is the point of attraction for the age of people between 18 to 40 years which is the target audience of the firm. The attractive images of the shoes and their extra features should be highlighted so that it can be predicted by the newer generation. The highlighted product should be equipped with the direct link of the company at the bottom of the image so that the customers can directly go to that link and purchase the item of their own choice from the online showroom of the company. After the purchase of the product, the customers should be asked for rating the web portal (Davies, 2013). The achievement of five star rating helps in attracting new customers towards the website because the highly rated website is the preferred choice of the customers. The posting of the advertisement on the Instagram portal is the most effective one for the popularity of the product and the web portal. The customers should be provided with the cash on delivery option also which helps in building trust of them on the website. Recommendation It is recommended that high quality product should be delivered to the door step of the customers on demand without making any delay in the delivery time of the product. The supply and demand of the shoes stock should be maintained at the warehouse of the company. The social media platform should be used for making the customers aware about the availability of the online showroom of the Nike organization with the clear description about the payment options, new extra features of the product, addition of attractive images, and etc. Conclusion From the research, it has been concluded that the analysis of the target audience and the pitfalls of the marketing competitors helps in the development of the successful online portal for the company. References: Davies, T. (2013). Marketing Research and developing a marketing plan. Retrieved from https://www.regionalbusiness.ca/images/pdfs/market_research_guide.pdf Efrimidi, K. (2015). Marketing plan for developing and promoting sport shoes online shop life shoes. Retrieved from https://diposit.ub.edu/dspace/bitstream/2445/64464/1/TFG-ADE-Efrimidi-Ksenia-febrer15.pdf Flynn, P. (2015). Nike marketing strategy: A company to imitate. Retrieved from https://www.albany.edu/honorscollege/files/Flynn_Honors_Thesis_(5-11-15).docx Millanyani, H. (2012). Online Marketing strategy of Cibaduyut footwear industry in Bandung: An effort to face global hyper competitor. Retrieved from https://www.sibresearch.org/uploads/2/7/9/9/2799227/riber2012-158_150-162.pdf Soles, P. (2013). Women shoe store marketing plan. Retrieved from https://www.mplans.com/womens_shoe_store_marketing_plan/marketing_strategy_fc.php The internet marketing Academy. (2014). Developing an internet marketing strategy. Retrieved from https://web.ftvs.cuni.cz/hendl/metodologie/developing-an-internet-marketing-strategy.pdf Zlatanova, R. (2012). Data management in the footwear industry. Retrieved from https://www.cognizant.com/whitepapers/Data-Management-in-the-Footwear-Industry-codex1569.pdf